diff --git a/kernel/amd64/bootmain.c b/kernel/amd64/bootmain.c
index 888e63d..24970b2 100644
--- a/kernel/amd64/bootmain.c
+++ b/kernel/amd64/bootmain.c
@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ void bootmain (void) {
 
   bsp_cpu->kproc = kproc_create ();
 
+  lapic_init (1000);
+
+  __asm__ volatile ("sti");
+
   devices_init ();
   vfs_init ();
 
diff --git a/kernel/amd64/smp.c b/kernel/amd64/smp.c
index 3dd5bd8..7c3f024 100644
--- a/kernel/amd64/smp.c
+++ b/kernel/amd64/smp.c
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ static void smp_bootstrap (struct limine_mp_info* mp_info) {
 
   cpu->kproc = kproc_create ();
 
+  __asm__ volatile ("sti");
+
   struct reschedule_ctx rctx;
   memset (&rctx, 0, sizeof (rctx));
 
@@ -118,8 +120,6 @@ static void smp_bootstrap (struct limine_mp_info* mp_info) {
 
 /// Initialize SMP subsystem for AMD64. Start AP CPUs
 void smp_init (void) {
-  lapic_init (1000);
-
   struct limine_mp_response* mp = limine_mp_request.response;
 
   cpu_counter = mp->cpu_count - 1;
diff --git a/kernel/device/debugconsole.c b/kernel/device/debugconsole.c
index 5fc25a4..b02386d 100644
--- a/kernel/device/debugconsole.c
+++ b/kernel/device/debugconsole.c
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ void debugconsole_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct resched
 }
 
 int debugconsole_putstr (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                         void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                         uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4, (void)device, (void)rctx;
   uint64_t fp;
 
diff --git a/kernel/device/debugconsole.h b/kernel/device/debugconsole.h
index 65296ca..e6292d2 100644
--- a/kernel/device/debugconsole.h
+++ b/kernel/device/debugconsole.h
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ bool debugconsole_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc,
 void debugconsole_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
 int debugconsole_putstr (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                         void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                         uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 #endif // _KERNEL_DEVICE_DEBUGCONSOLE_H
diff --git a/kernel/device/device.h b/kernel/device/device.h
index 591bc35..7f25631 100644
--- a/kernel/device/device.h
+++ b/kernel/device/device.h
@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@
 
 #define DEVICES_MAX 1024
 
-#define device_op1(d, op, proc, rctx, a1, a2, a3, a4, ...)                                         \
-  (d)->ops[(op)]((d), (proc), (rctx), (void*)(a1), (void*)(a2), (void*)(a3), (void*)(a4))
+#define device_op1(d, op, proc, rctx, lockflags, a1, a2, a3, a4, ...)                              \
+  (d)->ops[(op)]((d), (proc), (rctx), lockflags, (void*)(a1), (void*)(a2), (void*)(a3), (void*)(a4))
 
-#define device_op(d, op, proc, rctx, ...)                                                          \
-  device_op1 (d, op, proc, rctx, __VA_ARGS__, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)
+#define device_op(d, op, proc, rctx, lockflags, ...)                                               \
+  device_op1 (d, op, proc, rctx, lockflags, __VA_ARGS__, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL)
 
 struct device;
 
 typedef int (*device_op_func_t) (struct device* device, struct proc*, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                                 void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                                 uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 typedef bool (*device_init_func_t) (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc,
                                     struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
diff --git a/kernel/device/idedrv.c b/kernel/device/idedrv.c
index 2357cac..9755d0b 100644
--- a/kernel/device/idedrv.c
+++ b/kernel/device/idedrv.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <proc/proc.h>
 #include <proc/reschedule.h>
 #include <status.h>
+#include <sys/debug.h>
 
 #define IDE_REG_DATA     0x00
 #define IDE_REG_ERROR    0x01
@@ -38,6 +39,10 @@
 #define IDE_CMD_FLUSH28  0xE7
 #define IDE_CMD_IDENTIFY 0xEC
 
+#define IDE_READ  1
+#define IDE_WRITE 2
+#define IDE_FLUSH 3
+
 static bool ide_wait (uint16_t io, uint32_t timeout, bool drq, bool errcheck) {
   uint32_t i = 0;
   uint8_t status;
@@ -54,14 +59,14 @@ static bool ide_wait (uint16_t io, uint32_t timeout, bool drq, bool errcheck) {
 
   if (drq) {
     i = 0;
-    while (!(status & IDE_DRQ)) {
+    while (!(status & IDE_DRQ) || (status & IDE_BSY)) {
       if (status & IDE_ERR)
         return false;
 
       status = inb (io + IDE_REG_STATUS);
 
       if (status == 0xFF)
-        return true;
+        return false;
 
       if (++i >= timeout)
         return false;
@@ -83,13 +88,6 @@ static void ide_delay (uint16_t ctrl) {
 }
 #pragma clang optimize on
 
-static void ide_flush (struct idedrv* idedrv) {
-  if (idedrv->lba48)
-    outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, IDE_CMD_FLUSH48);
-  else
-    outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, IDE_CMD_FLUSH28);
-}
-
 static void ide_irq (void* arg, void* regs, bool user, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx) {
   uint64_t fd, fp;
 
@@ -106,51 +104,47 @@ static void ide_irq (void* arg, void* regs, bool user, struct reschedule_ctx* rc
   }
 
   struct idedrv_request* req = list_entry (node, struct idedrv_request, requests_link);
-  struct list_node_link* sqlist_node = req->sq.proc_list;
-  struct proc_sq_entry* sq_entry = list_entry (sqlist_node, struct proc_sq_entry, sq_link);
-  struct proc* resumed_proc = sq_entry->proc;
 
   uint8_t status = inb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_STATUS);
 
-  if ((status & (IDE_ERR | IDE_DRQ))) {
+  if (req->type == IDE_FLUSH) {
     list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
     spin_unlock (&idedrv->device->lock, fd);
-    proc_sq_resume (resumed_proc, sq_entry, rctx);
-    free (req);
+    atomic_store (&req->done, 1);
     return;
   }
 
-  spin_lock (&resumed_proc->lock, &fp);
+  if ((status & (IDE_ERR | IDE_DF))) {
+    list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
+    spin_unlock (&idedrv->device->lock, fd);
+    atomic_store (&req->done, 1);
+    return;
+  }
 
-  if (req->rw == 1) {
-    if ((status & IDE_DRQ)) {
-      uint16_t* p = req->outbuffer + (req->sector_done_count * (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
+  if (!(status & IDE_BSY) && (status & IDE_DRQ)) {
+    switch (req->type) {
+    case IDE_READ: {
+      uint16_t* p = req->buffer + (req->sector_done_count * (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
       insw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, p, idedrv->sector_size / 2);
       req->sector_done_count++;
-    }
-  } else if (req->rw == 2) {
-    req->sector_done_count++;
-    if (req->sector_done_count < req->sector_count) {
-      uint16_t* p = req->outbuffer + (req->sector_done_count * (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
-      outsw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, p, idedrv->sector_size / 2);
+    } break;
+    case IDE_WRITE: {
+      req->sector_done_count++;
+      if (req->sector_done_count < req->sector_count) {
+        uint16_t* p = req->buffer + (req->sector_done_count * (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
+        outsw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, p, idedrv->sector_size / 2);
+      }
+    } break;
     }
   }
 
   if (req->sector_done_count >= req->sector_count) {
-    if (req->rw == 2)
-      ide_flush (idedrv);
-
     list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
-
-    spin_unlock (&resumed_proc->lock, fp);
     spin_unlock (&idedrv->device->lock, fd);
-
-    free (req);
-    proc_sq_resume (resumed_proc, sq_entry, rctx);
+    atomic_store (&req->done, 1);
     return;
   }
 
-  spin_unlock (&resumed_proc->lock, fp);
   spin_unlock (&idedrv->device->lock, fd);
 }
 
@@ -286,8 +280,6 @@ void idedrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ct
   list_foreach (idedrv->requests, req_link, tmp_req_link) {
     struct idedrv_request* req = list_entry (req_link, struct idedrv_request, requests_link);
     list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
-    struct proc_sq_entry* sq_entry = list_entry (req->sq.proc_list, struct proc_sq_entry, sq_link);
-    proc_sq_resume (proc, sq_entry, rctx);
     free (req);
   }
 
@@ -295,10 +287,9 @@ void idedrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ct
   free (idedrv);
 }
 
-int idedrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                 void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int idedrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                 uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
-  uint64_t fp;
 
   if (a1 == NULL || a2 == NULL || a3 == NULL)
     return -ST_BAD_ADDRESS_SPACE;
@@ -312,52 +303,48 @@ int idedrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx
   if (sector + sector_count > idedrv->sector_count)
     return -ST_OOB_ERROR;
 
-  spin_lock (&proc->lock, &fp);
-  bool is_kproc = (proc->flags & PROC_KPROC) != 0;
-  spin_unlock (&proc->lock, fp);
+  struct idedrv_request* req = malloc (sizeof (*req));
 
-  /* /1* polling *1/ */
-  /* if (is_kproc) { */
-  ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, false);
+  if (req == NULL)
+    return -ST_OOM_ERROR;
+
+  memset (req, 0, sizeof (*req));
+  req->buffer = buffer;
+  req->sector_count = sector_count;
+  req->sector_done_count = 0;
+  req->type = IDE_READ;
+
+  list_append (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
+
+  ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, true);
 
   uint8_t cmd = idedrv->lba48 ? IDE_CMD_READ48 : IDE_CMD_READ28;
   outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, cmd);
 
-  for (uint16_t s = 0; s < sector_count; s++) {
-    if (!ide_wait (idedrv->io, 100000, true, true))
-      return -ST_XDRV_READ_ERROR;
-
-    insw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, buffer + (s * (idedrv->sector_size / 2)),
-          (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
+  if (!ide_wait (idedrv->io, 100000, true, true)) {
+    list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
+    free (req);
+    return -ST_XDRV_READ_ERROR;
   }
 
+  insw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, buffer, idedrv->sector_size / 2);
+
+  req->sector_done_count = 1;
+
+  spin_unlock (&device->lock, *lockflags);
+
+  while (!atomic_load (&req->done))
+    spin_lock_relax ();
+
+  spin_lock (&device->lock, lockflags);
+
+  free (req);
+
   return ST_OK;
-  /* } else { /1* IRQ *1/ */
-  /*   struct idedrv_request* req = malloc (sizeof (*req)); */
-
-  /*   if (req == NULL) */
-  /*     return -ST_OOM_ERROR; */
-
-  /*   memset (req, 0, sizeof (*req)); */
-  /*   req->outbuffer = buffer; */
-  /*   req->sector_count = sector_count; */
-  /*   req->sector_done_count = 0; */
-  /*   req->rw = 1; */
-
-  /*   list_append (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link); */
-  /*   proc_sq_suspend (proc, &req->sq, NULL, rctx); */
-
-  /*   ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, true); */
-
-  /*   uint8_t cmd = idedrv->lba48 ? IDE_CMD_READ48 : IDE_CMD_READ28; */
-  /*   outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, cmd); */
-
-  /*   return ST_OK; */
-  /* } */
 }
 
-int idedrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int idedrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
   uint64_t fp;
 
@@ -373,63 +360,76 @@ int idedrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ct
   if (sector + sector_count > idedrv->sector_count)
     return -ST_OOB_ERROR;
 
-  spin_lock (&proc->lock, &fp);
-  bool is_kproc = (proc->flags & PROC_KPROC) != 0;
-  spin_unlock (&proc->lock, fp);
+  struct idedrv_request* req = malloc (sizeof (*req));
 
-  /* /1* polling *1/ */
-  /* if (is_kproc) { */
-  ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, false);
+  struct idedrv_request* flushreq = malloc (sizeof (*req));
+
+  if (req == NULL)
+    return -ST_OOM_ERROR;
+
+  if (flushreq == NULL) {
+    free (req);
+    return -ST_OOM_ERROR;
+  }
+
+  memset (req, 0, sizeof (*req));
+  req->buffer = buffer;
+  req->sector_count = sector_count;
+  req->sector_done_count = 0;
+  req->type = IDE_WRITE;
+
+  list_append (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
+
+  memset (flushreq, 0, sizeof (*flushreq));
+  flushreq->buffer = NULL;
+  flushreq->sector_count = 0;
+  flushreq->sector_done_count = 0;
+  flushreq->type = IDE_FLUSH;
+
+  list_append (idedrv->requests, &flushreq->requests_link);
+
+  ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, true);
 
   uint8_t cmd = idedrv->lba48 ? IDE_CMD_WRITE48 : IDE_CMD_WRITE28;
   outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, cmd);
 
-  for (uint16_t s = 0; s < sector_count; s++) {
-    if (!ide_wait (idedrv->io, 100000, true, true))
-      return -ST_XDRV_WRITE_ERROR;
-
-    outsw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, buffer + (s * (idedrv->sector_size / 2)),
-           (idedrv->sector_size / 2));
+  if (!ide_wait (idedrv->io, 100000, true, true)) {
+    list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link);
+    free (req);
+    return -ST_XDRV_WRITE_ERROR;
   }
 
+  outsw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, buffer, idedrv->sector_size / 2);
+
+  req->sector_done_count = 1;
+
+  spin_unlock (&device->lock, *lockflags);
+
+  while (!atomic_load (&req->done))
+    spin_lock_relax ();
+
+  spin_lock (&device->lock, lockflags);
+
+  if (idedrv->lba48)
+    outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, IDE_CMD_FLUSH48);
+  else
+    outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, IDE_CMD_FLUSH28);
+
+  spin_unlock (&device->lock, *lockflags);
+
+  while (!atomic_load (&flushreq->done))
+    spin_lock_relax ();
+
+  spin_lock (&device->lock, lockflags);
+
+  free (req);
+  free (flushreq);
+
   return ST_OK;
-  /* } else { /1* IRQ *1/ */
-  /*   struct idedrv_request* req = malloc (sizeof (*req)); */
-
-  /*   if (req == NULL) */
-  /*     return -ST_OOM_ERROR; */
-
-  /*   memset (req, 0, sizeof (*req)); */
-  /*   req->outbuffer = buffer; */
-  /*   req->sector_count = sector_count; */
-  /*   req->sector_done_count = 0; */
-  /*   req->rw = 2; */
-
-  /*   list_append (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link); */
-  /*   proc_sq_suspend (proc, &req->sq, NULL, rctx); */
-
-  /*   ide_prepare (idedrv, sector, sector_count, true); */
-
-  /*   uint8_t cmd = idedrv->lba48 ? IDE_CMD_WRITE48 : IDE_CMD_WRITE28; */
-  /*   outb (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_CMD, cmd); */
-
-  /*   if (!ide_wait (idedrv->io, 100000, true, true)) { */
-  /*     list_remove (idedrv->requests, &req->requests_link); */
-  /*     struct proc_sq_entry* sq_entry = list_entry (req->sq.proc_list, struct proc_sq_entry,
-   * sq_link); */
-  /*     proc_sq_resume (proc, sq_entry, rctx); */
-  /*     free (req); */
-  /*     return -ST_XDRV_WRITE_ERROR; */
-  /*   } */
-
-  /*   outsw (idedrv->io + IDE_REG_DATA, buffer, idedrv->sector_size / 2); */
-
-  /*   return ST_OK; */
-  /* } */
 }
 
 int idedrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)device, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ int idedrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct res
 }
 
 int idedrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ int idedrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct res
 }
 
 int idedrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
diff --git a/kernel/device/idedrv.h b/kernel/device/idedrv.h
index de92440..9a85b11 100644
--- a/kernel/device/idedrv.h
+++ b/kernel/device/idedrv.h
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ struct idedrv_init {
 };
 
 struct idedrv_request {
-  uint16_t* outbuffer;
+  uint16_t* buffer;
   size_t sector_done_count;
   size_t sector_count;
   struct list_node_link requests_link;
-  struct proc_suspension_q sq;
-  int rw;
+  int type;
+  atomic_int done;
 };
 
 struct idedrv {
@@ -56,20 +56,20 @@ bool idedrv_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc, struct re
 
 void idedrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
-int idedrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                 void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int idedrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                 uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
-int idedrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int idedrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int idedrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int idedrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int idedrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 void ide_probe (uint16_t io, uint16_t ctrl, uint8_t devno, struct ide_probe* probe);
 
diff --git a/kernel/device/partdrv.c b/kernel/device/partdrv.c
index 8e4cfd6..18c3c20 100644
--- a/kernel/device/partdrv.c
+++ b/kernel/device/partdrv.c
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ void partdrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_c
   free (partdrv);
 }
 
-int partdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int partdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
   uint64_t fs;
 
@@ -50,14 +50,14 @@ int partdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ct
   uint8_t* buffer = a3;
 
   spin_lock (&super->lock, &fs);
-  int ret = device_op (super, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &sector, &sector_count, buffer);
+  int ret = device_op (super, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &fs, &sector, &sector_count, buffer);
   spin_unlock (&super->lock, fs);
 
   return ret;
 }
 
-int partdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                   void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int partdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                   uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
   uint64_t fs;
 
@@ -72,14 +72,14 @@ int partdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_c
   uint8_t* buffer = a3;
 
   spin_lock (&super->lock, &fs);
-  int ret = device_op (super, XDRV_WRITE, proc, rctx, &sector, &sector_count, buffer);
+  int ret = device_op (super, XDRV_WRITE, proc, rctx, &fs, &sector, &sector_count, buffer);
   spin_unlock (&super->lock, fs);
 
   return ret;
 }
 
 int partdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                             void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                             uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)device, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ int partdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct re
 }
 
 int partdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                             void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                             uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
   uint64_t fs;
 
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ int partdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct re
   struct partdrv* partdrv = device->udata;
 
   spin_lock (&partdrv->super->lock, &fs);
-  device_op (partdrv->super, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, proc, rctx, secsize);
+  device_op (partdrv->super, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fs, secsize);
   spin_unlock (&partdrv->super->lock, fs);
 
   return ST_OK;
 }
 
 int partdrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                      void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                      uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
diff --git a/kernel/device/partdrv.h b/kernel/device/partdrv.h
index e31fc82..5ffe2eb 100644
--- a/kernel/device/partdrv.h
+++ b/kernel/device/partdrv.h
@@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ bool partdrv_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc,
 
 void partdrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
-int partdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int partdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
-int partdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                   void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int partdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                   uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int partdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                             void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                             uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int partdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                             void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                             uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int partdrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                      void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                      uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 #endif // _KERNEL_DEVICE_PARTDRV_H
diff --git a/kernel/device/partitions.c b/kernel/device/partitions.c
index 0c47494..df5b43d 100644
--- a/kernel/device/partitions.c
+++ b/kernel/device/partitions.c
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ static int device_probe_partitions_dos (struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx
 
   spin_lock (&device->lock, &fd);
 
-  device_op (device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, proc, rctx, &sector_size);
+  device_op (device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fd, &sector_size);
 
-  int ret = device_op (device, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &sector, &sector_count, &mbr);
+  int ret = device_op (device, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &fd, &sector, &sector_count, &mbr);
 
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&device->lock, fd);
diff --git a/kernel/device/ps2_kb.c b/kernel/device/ps2_kb.c
index dcd8204..ae62b97 100644
--- a/kernel/device/ps2_kb.c
+++ b/kernel/device/ps2_kb.c
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ static void ps2kb_irq (void* arg, void* regs, bool user, struct reschedule_ctx*
   spin_unlock (&ps2kb_ringbuffer_lock, frb);
 }
 
-int ps2kb_read_key (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                    void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int ps2kb_read_key (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                    uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)device, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
   uint64_t frb, fsq;
 
diff --git a/kernel/device/ps2_kb.h b/kernel/device/ps2_kb.h
index 5d85a9b..1aec818 100644
--- a/kernel/device/ps2_kb.h
+++ b/kernel/device/ps2_kb.h
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 
 struct device;
 
-int ps2kb_read_key (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                    void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int ps2kb_read_key (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                    uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 bool ps2kb_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
diff --git a/kernel/device/ramdrv.c b/kernel/device/ramdrv.c
index bbde33d..3edc759 100644
--- a/kernel/device/ramdrv.c
+++ b/kernel/device/ramdrv.c
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ void ramdrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ct
 }
 
 int ramdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)device, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ int ramdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct res
 }
 
 int ramdrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ int ramdrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule
 }
 
 int ramdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL)
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ int ramdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct res
   return ST_OK;
 }
 
-int ramdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                 void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int ramdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                 uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL || a2 == NULL || a3 == NULL)
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ int ramdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx
   return ST_OK;
 }
 
-int ramdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+int ramdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a4;
 
   if (a1 == NULL || a2 == NULL || a3 == NULL)
diff --git a/kernel/device/ramdrv.h b/kernel/device/ramdrv.h
index 3df8b5b..5ed9b7e 100644
--- a/kernel/device/ramdrv.h
+++ b/kernel/device/ramdrv.h
@@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ bool ramdrv_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc, struct re
 
 void ramdrv_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
-int ramdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                 void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int ramdrv_read (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                 uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
-int ramdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx, void* a1,
-                  void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+int ramdrv_write (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
+                  uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int ramdrv_get_device_type (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int ramdrv_get_sector_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                            void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                            uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int ramdrv_get_size (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 #endif // _KERNEL_DEVICE_RAMDRV_H
diff --git a/kernel/device/terminal.c b/kernel/device/terminal.c
index 7fd9698..fef4e3f 100644
--- a/kernel/device/terminal.c
+++ b/kernel/device/terminal.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ void terminal_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_
 }
 
 int terminal_putstr (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)a2, (void)a3, (void)a4, (void)device, (void)rctx;
 
   if (!(proc->procgroup->capabilities & PROC_CAP_TERMINAL))
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ int terminal_putstr (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule
 }
 
 int terminal_dimensions (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                         void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
+                         uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4) {
   (void)proc, (void)rctx, (void)a3, (void)a4, (void)device;
 
   if (a1 == NULL || a2 == NULL)
diff --git a/kernel/device/terminal.h b/kernel/device/terminal.h
index 4b90801..cb9d4b7 100644
--- a/kernel/device/terminal.h
+++ b/kernel/device/terminal.h
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ bool terminal_init (struct device* device, void* arg, struct proc* proc,
 void terminal_fini (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx);
 
 int terminal_putstr (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                     void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                     uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 int terminal_dimensions (struct device* device, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule_ctx* rctx,
-                         void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
+                         uint64_t* lockflags, void* a1, void* a2, void* a3, void* a4);
 
 #endif // _KERNEL_DEVICE_TERMINAL_H
diff --git a/kernel/fs/fatfs.c b/kernel/fs/fatfs.c
index 16a5d4a..85e8783 100644
--- a/kernel/fs/fatfs.c
+++ b/kernel/fs/fatfs.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ static int fat1_diskio_read (struct fatfs_ctx* ctx, uint32_t sector, uint8_t* bu
 
   spin_lock (&back_device->lock, &fd);
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &sector_size);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &fd, &sector_size);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     return 0;
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ static int fat1_diskio_read (struct fatfs_ctx* ctx, uint32_t sector, uint8_t* bu
   vfs_translate (sector, sector_count, FAT_SECTOR_SIZE, sector_size, &phys_sector,
                  &phys_sector_count);
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_READ, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &phys_sector, &phys_sector_count,
-                   buffer);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_READ, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &fd, &phys_sector,
+                   &phys_sector_count, buffer);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     return 0;
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ static int fat1_diskio_write (struct fatfs_ctx* ctx, uint32_t sector, uint8_t* b
 
   spin_lock (&back_device->lock, &fd);
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &sector_size);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &fd, &sector_size);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     return 0;
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ static int fat1_diskio_write (struct fatfs_ctx* ctx, uint32_t sector, uint8_t* b
   vfs_translate (sector, sector_count, FAT_SECTOR_SIZE, sector_size, &phys_sector,
                  &phys_sector_count);
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_WRITE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &phys_sector, &phys_sector_count,
-                   buffer);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_WRITE, ctx->proc, ctx->rctx, &fd, &phys_sector,
+                   &phys_sector_count, buffer);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     return 0;
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ int fatfs16_format (struct vfs_volume* volume, struct proc* proc, struct resched
   fatfs_ctx->rctx = rctx;
 
   spin_lock (&back_device->lock, &fd);
-  device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, proc, rctx, &total_size);
+  device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fd, &total_size);
   spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
 
   size_t sectors = div_align_up (total_size, FAT_SECTOR_SIZE);
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ int fatfs32_format (struct vfs_volume* volume, struct proc* proc, struct resched
   fatfs_ctx->rctx = rctx;
 
   spin_lock (&back_device->lock, &fd);
-  device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, proc, rctx, &total_size);
+  device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fd, &total_size);
   spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
 
   size_t sectors = div_align_up (total_size, FAT_SECTOR_SIZE);
diff --git a/kernel/fs/tarfs.c b/kernel/fs/tarfs.c
index cdc447b..3edd72d 100644
--- a/kernel/fs/tarfs.c
+++ b/kernel/fs/tarfs.c
@@ -85,14 +85,14 @@ int tarfs_mount (struct vfs_volume* volume, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule
 
   spin_lock (&back_device->lock, &fd);
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, NULL, NULL, &total_size);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fd, &total_size);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     free (volume->udata);
     return ret;
   }
 
-  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL, NULL, &sector_size);
+  ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_GET_SECTOR_SIZE, proc, rctx, &fd, &sector_size);
   if (ret < 0) {
     spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
     free (volume->udata);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ int tarfs_mount (struct vfs_volume* volume, struct proc* proc, struct reschedule
   size_t sector_count = 1;
   for (size_t sector = 0; sector < total_size / sector_size; sector++) {
     uint8_t* dest = (uint8_t*)((uintptr_t)buffer + (sector * sector_size));
-    ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &sector, &sector_count, dest);
+    ret = device_op (back_device, XDRV_READ, proc, rctx, &fd, &sector, &sector_count, dest);
   }
 
   spin_unlock (&back_device->lock, fd);
diff --git a/kernel/syscall/syscall.c b/kernel/syscall/syscall.c
index 3f1d5c9..2760288 100644
--- a/kernel/syscall/syscall.c
+++ b/kernel/syscall/syscall.c
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ DEFINE_SYSCALL (sys_device_do) {
     return SYSRESULT (-ST_NOT_FOUND);
   }
 
-  int ret = device_op (device, cmd, proc, rctx, ka1, ka2, ka3, ka4);
+  int ret = device_op (device, cmd, proc, rctx, &fd, ka1, ka2, ka3, ka4);
 
   spin_unlock (&device->lock, fd);