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Limine/common/lib/elf.c

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#include <stdint.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <lib/misc.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <lib/libc.h>
#include <lib/elf.h>
#include <lib/print.h>
#include <lib/rand.h>
#include <lib/elsewhere.h>
#include <mm/pmm.h>
#include <fs/file.h>
#define ET_NONE 0
#define ET_REL 1
#define ET_EXEC 2
#define ET_DYN 3
#define PT_LOAD 0x00000001
#define PT_DYNAMIC 0x00000002
#define PT_INTERP 0x00000003
#define PT_PHDR 0x00000006
#define DT_NULL 0x00000000
#define DT_NEEDED 0x00000001
#define DT_RELA 0x00000007
#define DT_RELASZ 0x00000008
#define DT_RELAENT 0x00000009
#define DT_RELR 0x00000024
#define DT_RELRSZ 0x00000023
#define DT_RELRENT 0x00000025
#define DT_SYMTAB 0x00000006
#define DT_SYMENT 0x0000000b
#define DT_STRTAB 0x00000005
#define DT_PLTREL 0x00000014
#define DT_PLTRELSZ 0x00000002
#define DT_JMPREL 0x00000017
#define DT_FLAGS_1 0x6ffffffb
#define DF_1_PIE 0x08000000
#define ABI_SYSV 0x00
#define ARCH_X86_64 0x3e
#define ARCH_X86_32 0x03
#define ARCH_AARCH64 0xb7
#define ARCH_RISCV 0xf3
#define ARCH_LOONGARCH 0x102
#define BITS_LE 0x01
#define ELFCLASS32 0x01
#define ELFCLASS64 0x02
#define SHT_RELA 0x00000004
#define SHN_UNDEF 0x00000000
#define STB_WEAK 0x00000002
#define R_X86_64_NONE 0x00000000
#define R_AARCH64_NONE 0x00000000
#define R_RISCV_NONE 0x00000000
#define R_LARCH_NONE 0x00000000
#define R_X86_64_RELATIVE 0x00000008
#define R_AARCH64_RELATIVE 0x00000403
#define R_RISCV_RELATIVE 0x00000003
#define R_LARCH_RELATIVE 0x00000003
#define R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0x00000006
#define R_AARCH64_GLOB_DAT 0x00000401
#define R_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT 0x00000007
#define R_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT 0x00000402
#define R_RISCV_JUMP_SLOT 0x00000005
#define R_LARCH_JUMP_SLOT 0x00000005
#define R_X86_64_64 0x00000001
#define R_RISCV_64 0x00000002
#define R_LARCH_64 0x00000002
#define R_AARCH64_ABS64 0x00000101
#define R_INTERNAL_RELR 0xfffffff0
/* Indices into identification array */
#define EI_CLASS 4
#define EI_DATA 5
#define EI_VERSION 6
#define EI_OSABI 7
struct elf32_hdr {
uint8_t ident[16];
uint16_t type;
uint16_t machine;
uint32_t version;
uint32_t entry;
uint32_t phoff;
uint32_t shoff;
uint32_t flags;
uint16_t hdr_size;
uint16_t phdr_size;
uint16_t ph_num;
uint16_t shdr_size;
uint16_t sh_num;
uint16_t shstrndx;
};
struct elf64_phdr {
uint32_t p_type;
uint32_t p_flags;
uint64_t p_offset;
uint64_t p_vaddr;
uint64_t p_paddr;
uint64_t p_filesz;
uint64_t p_memsz;
uint64_t p_align;
};
struct elf32_phdr {
uint32_t p_type;
uint32_t p_offset;
uint32_t p_vaddr;
uint32_t p_paddr;
uint32_t p_filesz;
uint32_t p_memsz;
uint32_t p_flags;
uint32_t p_align;
};
struct elf64_rela {
uint64_t r_addr;
uint32_t r_info;
uint32_t r_symbol;
uint64_t r_addend;
};
struct elf32_dyn {
uint32_t d_tag;
uint32_t d_un;
};
struct elf64_dyn {
uint64_t d_tag;
uint64_t d_un;
};
static bool elf32_validate(struct elf32_hdr *hdr) {
if (strncmp((char *)hdr->ident, "\177ELF", 4)) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a valid ELF file.");
}
if (hdr->ident[EI_DATA] != BITS_LE) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a Little-endian ELF file.");
}
if (hdr->machine != ARCH_X86_32) {
panic(true, "elf: Not an IA-32 ELF file.");
}
return true;
}
static bool elf64_validate(struct elf64_hdr *hdr) {
if (strncmp((char *)hdr->ident, "\177ELF", 4)) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a valid ELF file.");
}
if (hdr->ident[EI_DATA] != BITS_LE) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a Little-endian ELF file.");
}
#if defined (__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
if (hdr->machine != ARCH_X86_64) {
panic(true, "elf: Not an x86-64 ELF file.");
}
#elif defined (__aarch64__)
if (hdr->machine != ARCH_AARCH64) {
panic(true, "elf: Not an aarch64 ELF file.");
}
#elif defined (__riscv)
if (hdr->machine != ARCH_RISCV && hdr->ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a riscv64 ELF file.");
}
#elif defined (__loongarch64)
if (hdr->machine != ARCH_LOONGARCH && hdr->ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
panic(true, "elf: Not a loongarch64 ELF file.");
}
#else
#error Unknown architecture
#endif
return true;
}
int elf_bits(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size) {
if (file_size < sizeof(struct elf64_hdr)) {
return -1;
}
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
if (strncmp((char *)hdr->ident, "\177ELF", 4)) {
return -1;
}
switch (hdr->machine) {
case ARCH_X86_64:
case ARCH_AARCH64:
return 64;
case ARCH_RISCV:
case ARCH_LOONGARCH:
if (hdr->ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) return 64;
if (hdr->ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS32) return 32;
return -1;
case ARCH_X86_32:
return 32;
default:
return -1;
}
}
struct elf_section_hdr_info elf64_section_hdr_info(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size) {
struct elf_section_hdr_info info = {0};
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf64_validate(hdr);
if (CHECKED_ADD((uint64_t)hdr->sh_num * hdr->shdr_size,
hdr->shoff, return info) > file_size) {
return info;
}
info.num = hdr->sh_num;
info.section_entry_size = hdr->shdr_size;
info.str_section_idx = hdr->shstrndx;
info.section_offset = hdr->shoff;
return info;
}
struct elf_section_hdr_info elf32_section_hdr_info(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size) {
struct elf_section_hdr_info info = {0};
struct elf32_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf32_validate(hdr);
if (CHECKED_ADD((uint64_t)hdr->sh_num * hdr->shdr_size,
hdr->shoff, return info) > file_size) {
return info;
}
info.num = hdr->sh_num;
info.section_entry_size = hdr->shdr_size;
info.str_section_idx = hdr->shstrndx;
info.section_offset = hdr->shoff;
return info;
}
static bool elf64_is_relocatable(uint8_t *elf, struct elf64_hdr *hdr) {
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
if (hdr->type != ET_DYN) {
return false;
}
// Find PT_DYNAMIC segment
for (size_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_DYNAMIC) {
continue;
}
if (phdr->p_filesz == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: ELF file type is ET_DYN, but PT_DYNAMIC segment has 0 size");
}
return true;
}
panic(true, "elf: ELF file type is ET_DYN, but PT_DYNAMIC segment missing");
}
// Translate a virtual address to a file offset using the phdr table.
// Returns false if the vaddr is not found in any PT_LOAD segment or the
// translated offset exceeds file bounds.
static bool elf64_translate_vaddr(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size,
struct elf64_hdr *hdr, uint64_t *offset, uint64_t size_hint,
uint64_t *out_seg_size) {
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
uint64_t seg_end = CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_filesz, continue);
if (phdr->p_vaddr <= *offset && seg_end > *offset) {
if (out_seg_size != NULL) {
*out_seg_size = phdr->p_filesz - (*offset - phdr->p_vaddr);
}
*offset -= phdr->p_vaddr;
*offset += phdr->p_offset;
// Validate translated offset + size_hint is within file
if (CHECKED_ADD(*offset, size_hint, return false) > file_size) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
static bool elf64_apply_relocations(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size, struct elf64_hdr *hdr, void *buffer, uint64_t vaddr, size_t size, uint64_t slide) {
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
uint64_t symtab_offset = 0;
uint64_t symtab_ent = 0;
uint64_t symtab_size = 0; // Size of symbol table (if known)
uint64_t strtab_offset = 0;
uint64_t strtab_size = 0; // Size of string table (if known)
uint64_t dt_pltrel = 0;
uint64_t dt_pltrelsz = 0;
uint64_t dt_jmprel = 0;
uint64_t relr_offset = 0;
uint64_t relr_size = 0;
uint64_t relr_ent = 0;
uint64_t rela_offset = 0;
uint64_t rela_size = 0;
uint64_t rela_ent = 0;
// Validate phdr table is within file bounds
if (CHECKED_ADD(hdr->phoff, CHECKED_MUL((uint64_t)hdr->ph_num, (uint64_t)hdr->phdr_size,
return false), return false) > file_size) {
return false;
}
// Find DYN segment
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_DYNAMIC)
continue;
// Validate PT_DYNAMIC segment is within file bounds
if (CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz, return false) > file_size) {
return false;
}
for (uint64_t j = 0; j < phdr->p_filesz / sizeof(struct elf64_dyn); j++) {
struct elf64_dyn *dyn = (void *)elf + (phdr->p_offset + j * sizeof(struct elf64_dyn));
switch (dyn->d_tag) {
case DT_RELA:
rela_offset = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_RELAENT:
rela_ent = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_RELASZ:
rela_size = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_RELR:
relr_offset = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_RELRENT:
relr_ent = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_RELRSZ:
relr_size = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_SYMTAB:
symtab_offset = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_STRTAB:
strtab_offset = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_SYMENT:
symtab_ent = dyn->d_un;
if (symtab_ent < sizeof(struct elf64_sym)) {
panic(true, "elf: symtab_ent < sizeof(struct elf64_sym)");
}
break;
case DT_PLTREL:
dt_pltrel = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_PLTRELSZ:
dt_pltrelsz = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_JMPREL:
dt_jmprel = dyn->d_un;
break;
case DT_NEEDED:
panic(true, "elf: ELF file attempts to load a dynamically linked library");
case DT_NULL:
goto end_of_pt_segment;
}
}
break;
}
end_of_pt_segment:
if (rela_offset != 0) {
if (!elf64_translate_vaddr(elf, file_size, hdr, &rela_offset, rela_size, NULL)) {
panic(true, "elf: RELA vaddr translation failed or out of bounds");
}
}
if (relr_offset != 0) {
if (!elf64_translate_vaddr(elf, file_size, hdr, &relr_offset, relr_size, NULL)) {
panic(true, "elf: RELR vaddr translation failed or out of bounds");
}
}
if (symtab_offset != 0) {
if (!elf64_translate_vaddr(elf, file_size, hdr, &symtab_offset, 0, &symtab_size)) {
panic(true, "elf: SYMTAB vaddr translation failed or out of bounds");
}
}
if (strtab_offset != 0) {
if (!elf64_translate_vaddr(elf, file_size, hdr, &strtab_offset, 0, &strtab_size)) {
panic(true, "elf: STRTAB vaddr translation failed or out of bounds");
}
}
if (dt_jmprel != 0) {
if (!elf64_translate_vaddr(elf, file_size, hdr, &dt_jmprel, dt_pltrelsz, NULL)) {
panic(true, "elf: JMPREL vaddr translation failed or out of bounds");
}
}
size_t relocs_i = 0;
if (relr_size != 0) {
if (relr_ent != 8) {
panic(true, "elf: relr_ent != 8");
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < relr_size / relr_ent; i++) {
uint64_t entry = *((uint64_t *)(elf + relr_offset + i * relr_ent));
if ((entry & 1) == 0) {
relocs_i++;
} else {
relocs_i += __builtin_popcountll(entry) - 1;
}
}
}
size_t relr_count = relocs_i;
if (rela_size != 0) {
if (rela_ent < sizeof(struct elf64_rela)) {
panic(true, "elf: rela_ent < sizeof(struct elf64_rela)");
}
if (rela_size % rela_ent != 0) {
panic(true, "elf: rela_size not a multiple of rela_ent");
}
relocs_i += rela_size / rela_ent;
}
if (dt_pltrelsz != 0) {
if (dt_pltrel != DT_RELA) {
panic(true, "elf: dt_pltrel != DT_RELA");
}
if (rela_ent == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: dt_pltrelsz != 0 but rela_ent == 0");
}
if (dt_pltrelsz % rela_ent != 0) {
panic(true, "elf: dt_pltrelsz not a multiple of rela_ent");
}
relocs_i += dt_pltrelsz / rela_ent;
}
struct elf64_rela **relocs = ext_mem_alloc_counted(relocs_i, sizeof(struct elf64_rela *));
if (relr_size != 0) {
size_t relr_i;
for (relr_i = 0; relr_i < relr_count; relr_i++) {
relocs[relr_i] = ext_mem_alloc(sizeof(struct elf64_rela));
relocs[relr_i]->r_info = R_INTERNAL_RELR;
}
// This logic is partially lifted from https://maskray.me/blog/2021-10-31-relative-relocations-and-relr
uint64_t where = 0;
relr_i = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < relr_size / relr_ent; i++) {
uint64_t entry = *((uint64_t *)(elf + relr_offset + i * relr_ent));
if ((entry & 1) == 0) {
where = entry;
relocs[relr_i++]->r_addr = where;
where += 8;
} else {
for (size_t j = 0; (entry >>= 1) != 0; j++) {
if ((entry & 1) != 0) {
relocs[relr_i++]->r_addr = where + j * 8;
}
}
where += 63 * 8;
}
}
}
if (rela_size != 0) {
for (uint64_t i = relr_count, offset = 0; offset < rela_size; offset += rela_ent) {
relocs[i++] = (void *)elf + (rela_offset + offset);
}
}
if (dt_pltrelsz != 0) {
for (uint64_t i = relr_count + rela_size / rela_ent, offset = 0; offset < dt_pltrelsz; offset += rela_ent) {
relocs[i++] = (void *)elf + (dt_jmprel + offset);
}
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < relocs_i; i++) {
struct elf64_rela *relocation = relocs[i];
// Relocation is before buffer
if (relocation->r_addr < vaddr)
continue;
// Relocation is after buffer
if (size < 8 || relocation->r_addr > vaddr + size - 8)
continue;
// It's inside it, calculate where it is
uint64_t *ptr = (uint64_t *)(buffer + (relocation->r_addr - vaddr));
switch (relocation->r_info) {
#if defined (__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
case R_X86_64_NONE:
#elif defined (__aarch64__)
case R_AARCH64_NONE:
#elif defined (__riscv)
case R_RISCV_NONE:
#elif defined (__loongarch64)
case R_LARCH_NONE:
#endif
{
break;
}
#if defined (__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
case R_X86_64_RELATIVE:
#elif defined (__aarch64__)
case R_AARCH64_RELATIVE:
#elif defined (__riscv)
case R_RISCV_RELATIVE:
#elif defined (__loongarch64)
case R_LARCH_RELATIVE:
#endif
{
*ptr = slide + relocation->r_addend;
break;
}
case R_INTERNAL_RELR:
{
*ptr += slide;
break;
}
#if defined (__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
case R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT:
case R_X86_64_JUMP_SLOT:
#elif defined (__aarch64__)
case R_AARCH64_GLOB_DAT:
case R_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT:
#elif defined (__riscv)
case R_RISCV_JUMP_SLOT:
#elif defined (__loongarch64)
case R_LARCH_JUMP_SLOT:
#endif
{
if (symtab_offset == 0 || symtab_ent == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Relocation requires symbol table but none present");
}
if (symtab_size == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Symtab vaddr translation failed");
}
// Validate symbol index is within bounds
uint64_t sym_offset = CHECKED_MUL(symtab_ent, (uint64_t)relocation->r_symbol,
panic(true, "elf: Symbol offset overflow"));
if (symtab_size < sizeof(struct elf64_sym)
|| sym_offset > symtab_size - sizeof(struct elf64_sym)) {
panic(true, "elf: Symbol index %u out of bounds", relocation->r_symbol);
}
struct elf64_sym *s = (void *)elf + symtab_offset + sym_offset;
if (s->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF) {
if ((s->st_info >> 4) == STB_WEAK) {
*ptr = 0;
break;
}
if (strtab_size == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Strtab vaddr translation failed");
}
// Validate string table access
if (s->st_name >= strtab_size) {
panic(true, "elf: Symbol name offset out of bounds");
}
panic(true, "elf: Unresolved symbol \"%s\"", elf + strtab_offset + s->st_name);
}
*ptr = slide + s->st_value
#if defined (__aarch64__)
+ relocation->r_addend
#endif
;
break;
}
#if defined (__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
case R_X86_64_64:
#elif defined (__aarch64__)
case R_AARCH64_ABS64:
#elif defined (__riscv)
case R_RISCV_64:
#elif defined (__loongarch64)
case R_LARCH_64:
#endif
{
if (symtab_offset == 0 || symtab_ent == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Relocation requires symbol table but none present");
}
if (symtab_size == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Symtab vaddr translation failed");
}
// Validate symbol index is within bounds
uint64_t sym_offset = CHECKED_MUL(symtab_ent, (uint64_t)relocation->r_symbol,
panic(true, "elf: Symbol offset overflow"));
if (symtab_size < sizeof(struct elf64_sym)
|| sym_offset > symtab_size - sizeof(struct elf64_sym)) {
panic(true, "elf: Symbol index %u out of bounds", relocation->r_symbol);
}
struct elf64_sym *s = (void *)elf + symtab_offset + sym_offset;
if (s->st_shndx == SHN_UNDEF) {
if ((s->st_info >> 4) == STB_WEAK) {
*ptr = 0;
break;
}
if (strtab_size == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Strtab vaddr translation failed");
}
// Validate string table access
if (s->st_name >= strtab_size) {
panic(true, "elf: Symbol name offset out of bounds");
}
panic(true, "elf: Unresolved symbol \"%s\"", elf + strtab_offset + s->st_name);
}
*ptr = slide + s->st_value + relocation->r_addend;
break;
}
default: {
panic(true, "elf: Unknown relocation type: %x", relocation->r_info);
}
}
}
for (size_t i = 0; i < relr_count; i++) {
pmm_free(relocs[i], sizeof(struct elf64_rela));
}
pmm_free(relocs, relocs_i * sizeof(struct elf64_rela *));
return true;
}
bool elf64_load_section(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size, void *buffer, const char *name, size_t limit, uint64_t slide) {
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf64_validate(hdr);
if (hdr->sh_num == 0) {
return false;
}
if (hdr->shdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_shdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: shdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_shdr)");
}
if (hdr->shstrndx >= hdr->sh_num) {
return false;
}
// Validate section header table is within file bounds
uint64_t shdr_table_end = CHECKED_ADD(hdr->shoff,
CHECKED_MUL((uint64_t)hdr->sh_num, (uint64_t)hdr->shdr_size, return false),
return false);
if (shdr_table_end > file_size) {
return false;
}
struct elf64_shdr *shstrtab = (void *)elf + (hdr->shoff + hdr->shstrndx * hdr->shdr_size);
// Validate shstrtab offset and size are within file bounds
if (shstrtab->sh_offset >= file_size || shstrtab->sh_size > file_size - shstrtab->sh_offset) {
return false;
}
char *names = (void *)elf + shstrtab->sh_offset;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->sh_num; i++) {
struct elf64_shdr *section = (void *)elf + (hdr->shoff + i * hdr->shdr_size);
// Validate sh_name is within the string table
if (section->sh_name >= shstrtab->sh_size) {
continue;
}
// Ensure the string is NUL-terminated within the string table
if (!memchr(&names[section->sh_name], '\0', shstrtab->sh_size - section->sh_name)) {
continue;
}
if (strcmp(&names[section->sh_name], name) == 0) {
// Validate section data is within file bounds
if (section->sh_offset >= file_size || section->sh_size > file_size - section->sh_offset) {
return false;
}
if (limit == 0) {
*(void **)buffer = ext_mem_alloc(section->sh_size);
buffer = *(void **)buffer;
limit = section->sh_size;
}
if (section->sh_size > limit) {
return false;
}
memcpy(buffer, elf + section->sh_offset, section->sh_size);
return elf64_apply_relocations(elf, file_size, hdr, buffer, section->sh_addr, section->sh_size, slide);
}
}
return false;
}
static uint64_t elf64_max_align(uint8_t *elf) {
uint64_t ret = 0;
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
if (phdr->p_align > 1 && (phdr->p_align & (phdr->p_align - 1)) != 0) {
panic(true, "elf: p_align is not a power of 2");
}
if (phdr->p_align > ret) {
ret = phdr->p_align;
}
}
if (ret == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: Executable has no loadable segments");
}
return ret;
}
static void elf64_get_ranges(uint8_t *elf, uint64_t slide, struct mem_range **_ranges, uint64_t *_ranges_count) {
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
uint64_t ranges_count = 0;
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
bool is_reloc = elf64_is_relocatable(elf, hdr);
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
if (phdr->p_vaddr < FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64) {
if (!is_reloc) {
continue;
}
}
ranges_count++;
}
if (ranges_count == 0) {
panic(true, "elf: No higher half PHDRs exist");
}
struct mem_range *ranges = ext_mem_alloc_counted(ranges_count, sizeof(struct mem_range));
size_t r = 0;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
if (phdr->p_vaddr < FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64) {
if (!is_reloc) {
continue;
}
}
uint64_t load_addr = phdr->p_vaddr + slide;
uint64_t this_top = load_addr + phdr->p_memsz;
uint64_t align = phdr->p_align <= 1 ? 1 : phdr->p_align;
ranges[r].base = load_addr & ~(align - 1);
ranges[r].length = ALIGN_UP(this_top - ranges[r].base, align, panic(true, "elf: Alignment overflow"));
if (phdr->p_flags & ELF_PF_X) {
ranges[r].permissions |= MEM_RANGE_X;
}
if (phdr->p_flags & ELF_PF_W) {
ranges[r].permissions |= MEM_RANGE_W;
}
if (phdr->p_flags & ELF_PF_R) {
ranges[r].permissions |= MEM_RANGE_R;
}
r++;
}
*_ranges_count = ranges_count;
*_ranges = ranges;
}
bool elf64_load(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size, uint64_t *entry_point, uint64_t *_slide, uint32_t alloc_type, bool kaslr, struct mem_range **ranges, uint64_t *ranges_count, uint64_t *physical_base, uint64_t *virtual_base, uint64_t *_image_size, uint64_t *_image_size_before_bss, bool *is_reloc) {
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf64_validate(hdr);
if (hdr->type != ET_EXEC && hdr->type != ET_DYN) {
panic(true, "elf: ELF file not of type ET_EXEC nor ET_DYN");
}
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
uint64_t phdr_table_end = CHECKED_ADD(
CHECKED_MUL((uint64_t)hdr->ph_num, (uint64_t)hdr->phdr_size,
panic(true, "elf: Program header table size overflow")),
hdr->phoff,
panic(true, "elf: Program header table size overflow"));
if (phdr_table_end > file_size) {
panic(true, "elf: Program header table extends beyond file bounds");
}
if (is_reloc) {
*is_reloc = false;
}
if (elf64_is_relocatable(elf, hdr)) {
if (is_reloc) {
*is_reloc = true;
}
}
uint64_t slide = 0;
size_t try_count = 0;
size_t max_simulated_tries = 0x10000;
uint64_t entry = hdr->entry;
uint64_t max_align = elf64_max_align(elf);
uint64_t image_size = 0;
bool lower_to_higher = false;
uint64_t min_vaddr = (uint64_t)-1;
uint64_t max_vaddr = 0;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
if (phdr->p_vaddr < FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64) {
if (!is_reloc || !*is_reloc) {
panic(true, "elf: Lower half PHDRs are not allowed");
}
lower_to_higher = true;
} else {
if (lower_to_higher) {
panic(true, "elf: Mix of lower and higher half PHDRs in relocatable kernel");
}
}
uint64_t phdr_end = CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz,
panic(true, "elf: p_vaddr + p_memsz overflow in PHDR %u", i));
// check for overlapping phdrs
for (uint16_t j = 0; j < hdr->ph_num; j++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr_in = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + j * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr_in->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr_in->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
if (phdr_in->p_vaddr < FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64) {
if (!is_reloc || !*is_reloc) {
continue;
}
}
if (phdr_in == phdr) {
continue;
}
uint64_t phdr_in_end = CHECKED_ADD(phdr_in->p_vaddr, phdr_in->p_memsz,
panic(true, "elf: p_vaddr + p_memsz overflow in PHDR %u", j));
if ((phdr_in->p_vaddr >= phdr->p_vaddr
&& phdr_in->p_vaddr < phdr_end)
||
(phdr_in_end > phdr->p_vaddr
&& phdr_in_end <= phdr_end)) {
panic(true, "elf: Attempted to load ELF file with overlapping PHDRs (%u and %u overlap)", i, j);
}
if (ranges != NULL) {
uint64_t page_rounded_base = ALIGN_DOWN(phdr->p_vaddr, 4096);
uint64_t page_rounded_top = ALIGN_UP(phdr_end, 4096, panic(true, "elf: PHDR alignment overflow"));
uint64_t page_rounded_base_in = ALIGN_DOWN(phdr_in->p_vaddr, 4096);
uint64_t page_rounded_top_in = ALIGN_UP(phdr_in_end, 4096, panic(true, "elf: PHDR alignment overflow"));
if ((page_rounded_base >= page_rounded_base_in
&& page_rounded_base < page_rounded_top_in)
||
(page_rounded_top > page_rounded_base_in
&& page_rounded_top <= page_rounded_top_in)) {
if ((phdr->p_flags & 0b111) != (phdr_in->p_flags & 0b111)) {
panic(true, "elf: Attempted to load ELF file with PHDRs with different permissions sharing the same memory page.");
}
}
}
}
if (phdr->p_vaddr < min_vaddr) {
min_vaddr = phdr->p_vaddr;
}
if (phdr_end > max_vaddr) {
max_vaddr = phdr_end;
}
}
if (min_vaddr == (uint64_t)-1) {
panic(true, "elf: No usable PHDRs exist");
}
if (lower_to_higher) {
slide = FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64 - min_vaddr;
}
image_size = max_vaddr - min_vaddr;
*physical_base = (uintptr_t)ext_mem_alloc_type_aligned(image_size, alloc_type, max_align);
*virtual_base = min_vaddr;
if (_image_size) {
*_image_size = image_size;
}
again:
if (is_reloc && *is_reloc && kaslr) {
slide = (rand32() & ~(max_align - 1)) + (lower_to_higher ? FIXED_HIGHER_HALF_OFFSET_64 - min_vaddr : 0);
if (*virtual_base + slide + image_size < 0xffffffff80000000 /* this comparison relies on overflow */) {
if (++try_count == max_simulated_tries) {
panic(true, "elf: Image wants to load too high");
}
goto again;
}
}
uint64_t bss_size = 0;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0) {
continue;
}
// Sanity checks
if (phdr->p_filesz > phdr->p_memsz) {
panic(true, "elf: p_filesz > p_memsz");
}
// Validate p_offset + p_filesz doesn't overflow or exceed file size
uint64_t offset_end = CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz,
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz overflow"));
if (offset_end > file_size) {
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz exceeds file size");
}
uint64_t load_addr = *physical_base + (phdr->p_vaddr - *virtual_base);
#if defined (__aarch64__)
uint64_t this_top = CHECKED_ADD(load_addr, phdr->p_memsz,
panic(true, "elf: load_addr + p_memsz overflow"));
uint64_t mem_base, mem_size;
uint64_t align = phdr->p_align <= 1 ? 1 : phdr->p_align;
mem_base = load_addr & ~(align - 1);
mem_size = this_top - mem_base;
#endif
memcpy((void *)(uintptr_t)load_addr, elf + (phdr->p_offset), phdr->p_filesz);
if (phdr->p_vaddr + phdr->p_memsz == max_vaddr) {
bss_size = phdr->p_memsz - phdr->p_filesz;
}
if (!elf64_apply_relocations(elf, file_size, hdr, (void *)(uintptr_t)load_addr, phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz, slide)) {
panic(true, "elf: Failed to apply relocations");
}
#if defined (__aarch64__)
clean_dcache_poc(mem_base, mem_base + mem_size);
inval_icache_pou(mem_base, mem_base + mem_size);
#endif
}
if (_image_size_before_bss != NULL) {
*_image_size_before_bss = image_size - bss_size;
}
*virtual_base += slide;
*entry_point = entry + slide;
if (_slide) {
*_slide = slide;
}
if (ranges_count != NULL && ranges != NULL) {
elf64_get_ranges(elf, slide, ranges, ranges_count);
}
return true;
}
bool elf32_load_elsewhere(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size, uint64_t *entry_point,
struct elsewhere_range **ranges) {
struct elf32_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf32_validate(hdr);
if (hdr->type != ET_EXEC && hdr->type != ET_DYN) {
panic(true, "elf: ELF file not of type ET_EXEC nor ET_DYN");
}
*entry_point = hdr->entry;
bool entry_adjusted = false;
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf32_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf32_phdr)");
}
uint64_t phdr_table_size32 = (uint64_t)hdr->ph_num * hdr->phdr_size;
if (hdr->phoff > file_size || phdr_table_size32 > file_size - hdr->phoff) {
panic(true, "elf: Program header table extends beyond file bounds");
}
uint64_t min_paddr = (uint64_t)-1;
uint64_t max_paddr = 0;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf32_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0)
continue;
if (phdr->p_paddr < min_paddr) {
min_paddr = phdr->p_paddr;
}
uint64_t top = CHECKED_ADD((uint64_t)phdr->p_paddr, phdr->p_memsz,
panic(true, "elf: p_paddr + p_memsz overflow"));
if (top > max_paddr) {
max_paddr = top;
}
}
uint64_t image_size_64 = max_paddr - min_paddr;
if (image_size_64 > SIZE_MAX) {
panic(true, "elf: Image size exceeds address space");
}
size_t image_size = (size_t)image_size_64;
void *elsewhere = ext_mem_alloc(image_size);
*ranges = ext_mem_alloc(sizeof(struct elsewhere_range));
(*ranges)->elsewhere = (uintptr_t)elsewhere;
(*ranges)->target = min_paddr;
(*ranges)->length = image_size;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf32_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0)
continue;
// Sanity checks
if (phdr->p_filesz > phdr->p_memsz) {
panic(true, "elf: p_filesz > p_memsz");
}
uint64_t offset_end = CHECKED_ADD((uint64_t)phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz,
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz overflow"));
if (offset_end > file_size) {
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz exceeds file size");
}
memcpy(elsewhere + (phdr->p_paddr - min_paddr), elf + phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz);
if (!entry_adjusted
&& *entry_point >= phdr->p_vaddr
&& *entry_point < CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz, continue)) {
*entry_point -= phdr->p_vaddr;
*entry_point += phdr->p_paddr;
entry_adjusted = true;
}
}
return true;
}
bool elf64_load_elsewhere(uint8_t *elf, size_t file_size, uint64_t *entry_point,
struct elsewhere_range **ranges) {
struct elf64_hdr *hdr = (void *)elf;
elf64_validate(hdr);
if (hdr->type != ET_EXEC && hdr->type != ET_DYN) {
panic(true, "elf: ELF file not of type ET_EXEC nor ET_DYN");
}
*entry_point = hdr->entry;
bool entry_adjusted = false;
if (hdr->phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)) {
panic(true, "elf: phdr_size < sizeof(struct elf64_phdr)");
}
uint64_t phdr_table_size64 = (uint64_t)hdr->ph_num * hdr->phdr_size;
if (hdr->phoff > file_size || phdr_table_size64 > file_size - hdr->phoff) {
panic(true, "elf: Program header table extends beyond file bounds");
}
uint64_t min_paddr = (uint64_t)-1;
uint64_t max_paddr = 0;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0)
continue;
if (phdr->p_paddr < min_paddr) {
min_paddr = phdr->p_paddr;
}
uint64_t top = CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_paddr, phdr->p_memsz,
panic(true, "elf: p_paddr + p_memsz overflow"));
if (top > max_paddr) {
max_paddr = top;
}
}
uint64_t image_size = max_paddr - min_paddr;
if (image_size > SIZE_MAX) {
panic(true, "elf: Image size exceeds address space");
}
void *elsewhere = ext_mem_alloc(image_size);
*ranges = ext_mem_alloc(sizeof(struct elsewhere_range));
(*ranges)->elsewhere = (uintptr_t)elsewhere;
(*ranges)->target = min_paddr;
(*ranges)->length = image_size;
for (uint16_t i = 0; i < hdr->ph_num; i++) {
struct elf64_phdr *phdr = (void *)elf + (hdr->phoff + i * hdr->phdr_size);
if (phdr->p_type != PT_LOAD || phdr->p_memsz == 0)
continue;
// Sanity checks
if (phdr->p_filesz > phdr->p_memsz) {
panic(true, "elf: p_filesz > p_memsz");
}
uint64_t offset_end = CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz,
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz overflow"));
if (offset_end > file_size) {
panic(true, "elf: p_offset + p_filesz exceeds file size");
}
memcpy(elsewhere + (phdr->p_paddr - min_paddr), elf + phdr->p_offset, phdr->p_filesz);
if (!entry_adjusted
&& *entry_point >= phdr->p_vaddr
&& *entry_point < CHECKED_ADD(phdr->p_vaddr, phdr->p_memsz, continue)) {
*entry_point -= phdr->p_vaddr;
*entry_point += phdr->p_paddr;
entry_adjusted = true;
}
}
return true;
}
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